Oxygen particles injected into the bloodstream can oxygenate the blood, even if breathing is not possible. These microparticles can maintain life up to 30 minutes after respiratory failure, and are composed of oxygen encapsulated within a layer of lipids. Lipids are more commonly known as "fat".
Prior experiments had failed when rigid oxygen molecules would become stuck trying to squeeze through the capillaries. This was corrected by packaging them into small flexible particles.
Aside from ordinary medical use, this could also serve in case of emergency for humans working in extreme environments such as space or underwater.
Read more:
http://countdowntozerotime.org/2013/05/14/scientists-invent-oxygen-particle-that-if-injected-allows-you-to-live-without-breathing/
http://www.childrenshospital.org/newsroom/Site1339/mainpageS1339P892.html
http://www.nature.com/news/rabbits-kept-alive-by-oxygen-injections-1.10899
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